Knowledge Base

Found 6 Results

Review article

Instabilities in blistering

Juel, A., Pihler-Puzović, D., Heil, M.

2018Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics50691-714

Keywordscavity flow, decontamination, elasticity theory, fingering instabilities, flow displacement, flow-structure interaction, Hele-Shaw flows, interfacial dynamics, lubrication theory, pattern formation

DisciplinesFluid Mechanics, Physics

CategoryReview

Scale1e-9 to 1e-6 m, 1e-6 m, 1e-6 to 1e-3 m / 1e-3 to 1 s, 1 to 60 s

Non-expert summaryThis is a review of the fluid mechanics associated with blistering, which occurs when a thin solid layer locally separates from an underlying substrate through cracking of a bulk material, delamination of a composite material, or peeling of a thin layer (membrane) adhered to the substrate by a thin layer of viscous fluid. The focus of the review is on the latter case, where the expansion of the newly formed blister by fluid injection occurs via a displacement flow, which peels the adhered surfaces apart through a two-way interaction between flow and deformation. These blisters are prone to fluid- and solid-mechanical instabilities. If the injected fluid is less viscous than the fluid already occupying the gap, patterns of short and stubby fingers (fingering) form on the propagating fluid interface. Buckling/wrinkling instabilities of the delaminated layer can arise for sufficiently thin membranes and can interact with the fluid mechanical fingering instability.

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Article

Linear stability analysis and numerical simulation of miscible two-layer channel flow

Sahu, K.C., Ding, H., Valluri, P., Matar, O.K.

2009Physics of Fluids21042104

Keywordscleaning, flow displacement, interfacial dynamics, linear stability analysis, miscible liquids, multiphase flow

DisciplinesChemical Engineering, Fluid Mechanics

CategoriesNumerical simulations, Theoretical modelling

Non-expert summaryWhen one liquid is pumped into a channel containing a second liquid, the behaviour depends on the properties of the two fluids and pressure driving force. This paper considers the stability of a flow of two miscible fluids in a horizontal channel. The flow dynamics are governed by the continuity and Navier–Stokes equations, with mass transfer between the two. An analysis of the flow in the linear regime delineates the presence of convective and absolute instabilities, and shows that vertical gradients of viscosity perturbations (caused by mixing) are the main destabilizing influence of the interface (in agreement with previous work). Previous work in the area is reviewed as well. Transient numerical simulations demonstrate the development of complex dynamics in the nonlinear regime, characterized by roll-up phenomena and intense convective mixing.

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Article

Sliding, pinch-off and detachment of a droplet on a wall in shear flow

Ding, H., Gilani, M.N.H., Spelt, P.D.M.

2010Journal of Fluid Mechanics644217–244

Keywordsdecontamination, drop, hydrodynamics, interfacial dynamics, shear flow

DisciplinesChemical Engineering, Fluid Mechanics

CategoriesNumerical simulations, Theoretical modelling

Non-expert summaryThis modelling study considers what happens after a droplet is set into motion by the action of an impose shear flow. Inertial effects and contact-angle hysteresis are both considered. A number of flow regimes are investigated, including steadily moving drops, partial and entire droplet entrainment. The critical conditions (capillary number) for the onset of entrainment are determined for pinned as well as for moving drops. The approach to breakup is then investigated in detail, including the growth of a ligament on a drop, and the reduction of the radius of a pinching neck. A model based on an energy argument is proposed for the rate of elongation of ligaments. The paper concludes with an investigation of detachment of a hydrophobic droplet from a solid wall.

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Article

The influence of surface tension on the circular hydraulic jump

Bush, J.W.M. and Aristoff, J.M.

2003J. Fluid Mech.489229-238

Keywordinterfacial dynamics

DisciplineFluid Mechanics

Scale1e-6 to 1e-3 m, 1e-3 to 1 m / 1e-3 to 1 s

Non-expert summaryThis paper extends the analysis of Watson (1964) to consider the influence of surface tension on the laminar circular hydraulic jump generated by a smooth liquid jet of finite viscosity passing through air and impinging on a horizontal surface. A hydraulic jump is obtained where the liquid film thickness changes from a thin film to a deeper, slow moving film. They obtain an expression for the curvature force and use it to obtain an expression for the radius of the jump. The analysis is accompanied by experiments. They show that the surface tension correction is generally small for laboratory chases, but is appreciable for jumps of small radius and height.

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Article

Convective mass transfer from a submerged drop in a thin falling film

Landel, J.R., Thomas, A.L., McEvoy, H., Dalziel, S.B.

2016J. Fluid Mech.789630-668

Keywordsdecontamination, drop, film flow, interfacial dynamics, mass transfer

DisciplinesChemical Engineering, Fluid Mechanics

CategoriesLaboratory experiments, Theoretical modelling

Scale1e-6 to 1e-3 m, 1e-3 m / 1e-3 to 1 s, 1 to 60 s, 1 to 60 min

Non-expert summaryThis is an experimental and modelling study of the removal of a passive tracer contained in small, thin, viscous drops attached to a flat inclined substrate using the flow of a thin gravity-driven film. The drop cannot be detached either partially or completely from the surface by the mechanical forces exerted by the cleaning fluid on the drop. Convective mass transfer is established across the interface between the drop and the flowing liquid film and the (dilute) tracer diffuses into the film flow, which takes it away. The Peclet number, comparing the rate of mass transfer in the drop to the rate in the liquid film, is small (< 1) . Two models are presented: a simple empirical model based on film mass transfer coefficients; and a fuller theoretical model solving the quasi-steady two-dimensional advection–diffusion equation in the film, coupled with a time-dependent one-dimensional diffusion equation in the drop. A range of values of the Peclet number (0.01 to 1) is considered in the fuller model. Good agreement is observed between the experimental data and the models.

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Article

Numerical simulation of pressure-driven displacement of a viscoplastic material by a Newtonian fluid using the lattice Boltzmann method

Swain, P.A.P., Karapetsas, G., Matar, O.K., Sahu, K.C.

2015Eur J. Mech. B Fluids49197-207

Keywordscleaning, flow displacement, interfacial dynamics, multiphase flow

DisciplinesApplied Mathematics, Chemical Engineering, Fluid Mechanics

CategoryNumerical simulations

Scale1e-6 to 1e-3 m, 1e-3 m, 1e-3 to 1 m, 1 to 10 m

Non-expert summaryThe Lattice-Boltzman numerical method is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations describing the displacement of a viscoplastic fluid from a cylindrical pipe by the injection of a Newtonian liquid. The equations are written in dimensionless form so no particular time or length scale is specified. Gravity and surface tension effects are included. The average velocity of the Newtonian liquid is such that its flow is laminar. The numerical code is able to resolve several features of the process: the growth of a 'finger' of Newtonian liquid as it pushes the viscoplastic fluid out and the development of waves at the liquid-fluid interface. The impact of key dimensionless groups, particularly the Bingham number (ratio of critical or yield stress to stress induced by the flow) and Reynolds number.

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